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Submission + - Bill Gates Proposes Major Limits On AI Development (cnn.com)

An anonymous reader writes: Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates argued on Wednesday that artificial intelligence needs significant limits or else the harm to humans will outweigh any potential good. "AI will either be the greatest equalizer ever invented, or the worst source of injustice," he said in a 6,000-word essay, entitled “The turbulent AI era is here. The choices we make now are critical.”

[...] “Even under the best circumstances, the transition to this new AI era will be one of the most turbulent times in human history,” he said, adding that “I don’t see evidence that leaders, experts, and communities are confronting the challenges adequately. There is no plan to ease the entry into the AI era.” AI can provide great benefits in field like agriculture and medicine, he argued, such as breakthroughs in preventing and treating diseases. But he also noted that the transition carries big risks, like widespread unemployment, harming the educational and social development of children, or making it easier for criminals and bad actors – or AI itself – to cause deliberate harm.

“As the models become more powerful, they could begin to act against our interests and we could lose control,” he warned. These significant risks must be controlled quickly, Gates said. “If someone had a credible plan for slowing down AI advances globally, I would likely support it,” he wrote. “However, I don’t think that’s going to happen. The geopolitical and economic incentives are pushing too hard to go full speed ahead.” In an interview with CNN’s Anderson Cooper that will air on Wednesday evening, Gates said AI models have gotten dramatically more powerful at a rate faster than he expected. “They’re now capable of causing cyberattack risk, bioterrorism risk, psychosocial risk,” he said. “I have to say I’m kind of shocked that the exact criteria that we review these models with, and the actions we take to minimize the harms, are really completely missing.”

In his essay, Gates proposed taxing AI or robots the way you would pay a human employee’s payroll tax in order to slow the shift away from using human labor. He also wants to set aside some work to be done by humans only. “My message to leaders is: You have a chance to act now, before unemployment rises sharply, communities are hurting, and public trust has eroded,” he said. “You can make sure AI benefits everyone. And you can work with other governments to meet this national and global challenge.”

Submission + - China's Moonshot in talks with Microsoft, Amazon, Google over K3 revenue sharing (reuters.com)

schwit1 writes: China's Moonshot AI is negotiating revenue-sharing agreements with Microsoft, Amazon, and Alphabet's Google, that would allow the U.S. cloud giants to host its blockbuster Kimi K3 model, three people familiar with the talks said.

Any deal could mark the first big revenue-sharing pact between a Chinese AI firm and a major U.S. cloud company.

The discussions highlight how China's leading AI models, often far cheaper than Western offerings, are gaining traction in the U.S., despite national security concerns in Washington that have led to bans on exports of AI chips to China. They are also taking place despite critical comments about Moonshot from senior U.S. officials.

IPO-bound Moonshot is seeking up to a 30% share of revenue generated from K3-related services on Microsoft's Azure, Amazon Web Services and Google Cloud, according to the sources who declined to be identified because the discussions are private.

That would be in line with terms that sources have said the startup has outlined for major customers using the open-weight model.

Moonshot has come under fire from U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent who said last month that he might add it to a trade blacklist. U.S. officials have accused the Beijing-based company of stealing from Anthropic's most sophisticated model, Fable, to help create Kimi K3 and illegally acquiring Nvidia chips.

Founded in 2023 by Carnegie Mellon-trained AI researcher Yang Zhilin, Moonshot is backed by several Chinese tech giants including cloud computing giant Alibaba.

Submission + - Scientists may have figured out why dead brains don't always rot. (smithsonianmag.com)

fahrbot-bot writes: Smithsonian magazine discusses a new study on how, under the right conditions — wet and oxygen-deprived — the same chemical reactions that cause tissue to break down can instead have the opposite effect on brain tissue and preserve it instead.

The brain is one of the first organs to begin decomposing after death. Yet archaeologists have discovered more than 4,400 preserved human brains around the world, some of which have remained intact for the last 12,000 years. In hundreds of cases, the brain was the only soft tissue left among otherwise skeletal remains.

But how and why do brains sometimes persist for millennia while all other types of soft tissue disappear? This preservation paradox has stumped scientists for years. Now, however, a team of researchers say they may have solved the mystery.

If a brain ends up in a wet, oxygen-starved environment, the processes that usually cause decay can have the opposite effect, researchers report in a study published in the August 7 issue of the Journal of Proteome Research.

“Under the right conditions, preservation actually arises from decay itself: The same reactions that degrade tissue can also weld the breakdown products together into something far tougher,” study co-author Alexandra Seviour, a paleobiologist at the University of Oxford in England, tells Live Science’s Victoria Atkinson.

Following experiments on 72 mouse carcasses (described in the article) the scientists think they know why. When oxygen is abundant, it triggers a cascading, chemical chain reaction that causes brain proteins to break down rapidly. This sequence hinges on free radicals, highly reactive, unstable molecules that “steal” electrons from nearby atoms and molecules. The process happens in the brains of living people too, and if left unchecked, can cause health problems.

In low-oxygen environments, however, this chemical sequence appears to play out differently. The researchers’ analyses hint that free radicals instead react and bond with nearby proteins, making the overall tissue tougher and more resistant to decomposition, Seviour tells Chemical and Engineering News’ Anirban Mukhopadhyay.

The findings show that “decay is not the opposite of preservation but, under specific chemical constraints, one of its mechanisms,” the researchers write in the paper.

Submission + - Google plans to stop making Pixel products in China in 2027 (archive.is)

An anonymous reader writes: The news broke only after Google quietly passed word to suppliers. The company has made no public announcement and ignored a request for comment.

Vietnam first got a piece of Pixel production in 2019, but the real engineering — how new models get designed for mass production, down to the testing gear and tooling — stayed in China. The Pixel 11 was the first time Google moved all of that work to Vietnam, too. That was the hard part.

Pulling that off proved the concept. Google did not need to build from scratch, either; Samsung's massive investment in Vietnam had already drawn component suppliers to the country, and if Vietnam can handle a flagship smartphone, earbuds and watches are no problem.

Google also has far less to lose in China than Apple does. Pixel phones aren't sold there, so Beijing can't threaten Google's customer base the way it can Apple's. Apple is tangled up with Chinese consumers and Chinese factories at the same time; Google can cut the manufacturing cord without sacrificing a single sale.

China still accounts for a significant share of Pixel production today. Once those lines are gone, Beijing loses whatever leverage it currently holds over Google's hardware. That's not a small thing; the ability to slow, disrupt, or pressure a company through its own factories is a tool authoritarian governments have used before.

Comment Beware of biomarkers and false positives (Score 5, Informative) 47

First, the test “measures amyloid and tau biomarkers” and such biomarkers don’t always lead to Alzheimer’s.

Second, the 97 percent “accuracy” cited in the article is about correctly detecting the biomarkers and can be very misleading without also accounting for false positives.

Specifically, even if we assume the biomarkers are definitive, and we also assume that 11 percent of the population will develop Alzheimer’s by age 82, then an 8 percent false-positive rate would mean that roughly 40 percent of positive results in the general population could be false positives. This is a rough calculation using an 8 percent false-positive rate based on my (admittedly limited) research.

To be truly helpful and strongly predictive, the test should be used in conjunction with other tests - such as cognitive quizzes.

Comment Re:Biased news from the start (Score 1) 111

> Erik Brynjolfsson. Working with researchers at the Stanford Digital Economy Lab

A "news" article, supposedly unbiased, quoting an expert who works with the people whose job it is to research, get paid for, and promote AI technology. A major newspaper should know better than to quote a person who profits from AI about whether or not AI is good for regular people's job prospects. And take into consideration that the Washington Post is owned by something which sells AI based cloud services.

We must strike a balance that avoids binary thinking - as a lazy application of such logic would have us broad brushing out most of the folks that are most familiar with the problem. Don’t forget that the original Luddites were actually industry insiders who were opposed by other industry insiders. The Luddites were experts in operating older loom technology and, by the way, were folks that simultaneously mostly didn’t care, at all, that their cotton came from slave labor - slave labor that was replaced by more tech! And there’s already some evidence that Erik’s right. Past predictions of a precipitous LLM job apocalypse haven’t been borne out by the numbers. The current job market isn’t great yet it’s far from terrible.

Time will tell, but this could mean that the apocalyptical predictions are being driven by a similar type of Malthusian analysis to that which predicted mass food shortages, mineral shortages, and oil shortages. What actually happened? An unprecedented rise in world prosperity and a corresponding unprecedented drop in world poverty. Roughly 80 percent of the world was experiencing deep poverty in 1800, 40 percent in 1970, and 10 percent today.

This isn’t just an idle point, as one of the most common “solutions” being advanced to counter Erik’s claims that we aren’t in the midst of an apocalypse is to discard the enlightenment blueprint that brought us this rising trajectory. This includes sidelining proven ideals like blind justice, free speech, decentralization, empirical analysis, and property rights. Such “solutions” routinely recommend a replacement of enlightenment empirical analysis with something based on binary narrative style analysis. But the latter has, unfortunately for the world, consistently yielded a failed trajectory: impoverishment accompanied by a censorious totalitarian elite tasked with seizing private property and redistributing it.

Comment Re:Kill capitalism (Score 1) 21

To be clear, Antifaschistische Aktion was obviously not the direct institutional predecessor of the Stasi, but it was a significant indirect predecessor - sharing philosophy, tactics, Stalin’s influence, symbolism, and even some of the same personnel.

It’s notable that every major socialist revolution with durable long term control has shared the same evolutionary pattern - revolutionary tactics evolving into a highly centralized secretive large scale security apparatus. For example, Mao’s Red Guard is highly analogous to Antifaschistische Aktion. No exceptions to this pattern have been found among the top most cited socialist revolutions in history across Mao, Lenin, Stalin, Vietnam, N Korea, Cuba, Eastern Europe, etc.

Comment Re:Kill capitalism (Score 0) 21

You mean like the stasi?

Yes. Like the Stasi. Funny how quickly folks forget that the Stasi was a far-left secret police force, was architected by Stalin, and was enthusiastically run partly by former Antifa. These were the KPD folks who formed Antifaschistische Aktion long before the war and who had been Stalin fans since their inception.

Comment Re:What's the point if you can't actually change i (Score 1) 57

You know that you are the "Slashdot algorithm," right?

The problem is that second “you”. In comparison to previous decades, one-sided brigading politicized downvotes now often dominate.

I suspect this is why YouTube and X have largely flipped to an upvote-only system.

As a basic solution, I’d prefer changing to an upvote-only system or making downvotes more expensive for raters to use.

Or simply supply a personal option to let each account choose a the value of a downvote - for example, a user could choose to have the scores they see calculated in a way that ignores downvotes.

Comment Re:This is cope... (Score 1) 219

> FSD isn't' perfect, but it's better than most humans and improving

And that’s underselling it. Cameras yoked to LLMs can have problems, true, but so can human eyeballs peering through rain and snow soaked windows.

The advantage here arguably goes to the robot car with its multiple sheltered cameras, some of which, especially on Tesla Robotaxis and Cybertrucks, “self wipe”, heat, or blow air to stay clear. These cars can see in every direction at once with reliably very high detail. Tesla’s self driving demonstrates this directly via a 5X reduction in accidents, as reported by Tesla, or maybe “only” around 2X per its harshest independent critics.

Folks just don’t realize how far the technology has advanced even in the last year - the latest Teslas with the latest software and hardware have, on occasion, achieved fully autonomous cross country journeys through cities, parking garages, and highways. This is “supervised” of course, but in all kinds of weather and without actual human interventions.

Comment Re:Lots of anthropomorphising. What are the facts? (Score 1) 81

> What was the prompt or goal command used in the test?

Perhaps there need be nothing obvious. Among the frontier LLMs - Claude, Grok, Gemini, and GPT - GPT has the most deep set "blame the system not the individual" ethos. Plus, at least in my experience, it's the most likely to generalize a prompt and assess the generalization. Put another way, it's more likely to assume a problem is traceable to a structural barrier rather than due to individual action. It might be a short leap from there to "it's ethical to hack an unethical system".

Comment Re: They seem to rely on good weather (Score 1) 56

> Sure. I'll believe the "wipe and heat" works when I see it.

Granted. On the other hand, there’s always something that can make a devout pessimist feel justified, like:

> At 30C below you can start your car for an hour blasting the heat, you are still going to have to clear the windows yourself. Ice wrecks windshield wipers. These things need to be 100% spotless to work.

The fallacy? It’s binary thinking. The “things” just need to work better than the alternative.

> Furthermore, on an electric vehicle you are already looking at a reduced range just from the extra load of driving through snow and wind. Will you even get to work after applying all that heat to the cameras?

True, but not the whole story. This is yet more binary thinking combined with a red herring. Regardless, the cameras are TINY with built in redundancy - it doesn’t take much to clear enough of them.

Comment Re:They seem to rely on good weather (Score 2) 56

> Cameras and lidar both struggle in rain and snow

As do human eyeballs peering through rain and snow soaked windows. But the advantage here arguably goes to the robot car with its multiple sheltered cameras, some of which, especially on Tesla Robotaxis and Cybertrucks, “self wipe”, heat, or blow air to stay clear. These cars can see in every direction at once with reliably very high detail. Tesla’s self driving demonstrate this directly via a 5X reduction in accidents, as reported by Tesla, or maybe “only” around 2X per its harshest independent critics. Folks just don’t realize how far the technology has advanced even in the last year - the latest Teslas with the latest software and hardware have, on occasion, achieved fully autonomous cross country journeys through cities, parking garages, and highways - supervised of course but without actual human interventions.

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